Communication between mitochondria and other organelles: a brand-new perspective on mitochondria in cancer

Cell & Bioscience

Table 3 Retrograde signaling in tumorigenesis

Triggers	Pathway	Function	References
mtDNA defect	Cn-calcium path way	EMT-like reprograming	[143]
mtDNA defect	Epigenetic modification	Unclear	[121, 141]
Mitochondria metabolism disorder	HIF-α	Metabolism model shift	[136]
	NRF2	Cell colony capacity	[1, 137, 138]
	Mitochondria redox signaling	Cell proliferation	[139, 140]
mtDNA defect/mitochondria metabolism disorder	Activation of ocogenic kinase	Cancer hallmark	[121]
mtDNA defect/mitochondria metabolism disorder	HnRNP A2 accumulation	Cancer hallmark

ISSN: 2045-3701